Machine for spirally winding strips of wood



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. J. MAOPARLANE. MACHINE FOR SPIRALLY WINDING STRIPS OF WOOD.

Patented Nov. 5, 1889.

(No Model.) 2 SheetS- -Sheet 2; J. MAGFARLANE. MACHINE FOR SPIRALLY WINDING STRIPS 0P WOOD.

Patented Nov. 5, 1889.

. I l n .va: 1 I I. ll I n N L I 5E5: III-In. a ll u a a I v 1 1 a r Q I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES MACIMXRLANE, OF MALDEN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE LIGNIFORM TUBING COMPANY, OF PORTLAND, MAINE MACHINE FOR SPIRALLY WINDING STRIPS OF WOOD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,649, dated November 5, 1889.

Application filed January 2, 1889. Serial No. 295,164. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Lines MACFARLANE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Malden, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Spirally inding One or More Strips of Wood for Converting; it or them into a Cylinder; and I do declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,. such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters'and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation, Fig. 2 a plan or top view, and Fig. 3 an end view, of a machine of my invention. Figs. at and5 are transverse sections of said machine on line 1 1 of Fig. 2, the former showing those portions of the machine lying to the right of said line denoted by arrow 10, and the latter those portions lying to the left of it indicated by arrow 12. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the machine on line 3 3 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction indicated by arrow 14. Fig. 7

is a longitudinal section of the mandrel and the heads with which it is connected to confine it to the shaft I. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal and vertical section of the slide R, taken on line 4: at of Fig. 2, looking in the direction indicated by arrow 15.

The nature of my invention is defined in the claims hereinafter presented.

Referring to the drawings, A denotes the frame of the machine, in one end of which is.

supported, in along bearing B, a driving-shaft C, on which are arranged a loose pulley D and a fastpulley E, to which power is communicated by a beltF from a suitable motor. Secured to the driving-shaft is a spur-pinion G, which works with a gear H, keyed to a long shaft I, supported in hearings in the boxes K I and L, sustained on the frame of the ma chine.

Fixed on the shaft I, near one end of it, is

a bevel-pinion M, which acts with a bevelgear N, fixed to a short shaft 0, the axis of which is in the same horizontal plane with that of the shaft I, but at right angles to it,

said shaft 0 having on its other end a gearo and being supported in a bearing P, sustained on the frame. Secured also to the frame is ablock Q, provided with a dovetailed groove b, in which is sustained a slide R, dovetailed to correspond with the groove. On said slide R are fixed two boxes 0 (Z; in which are supported so as to revolve therein two short shafts of, the former e having fixed to it two gears g h, and the latter f two gears 41 7o.

Pivoted to the outer end of the slide R is a lever S, fulcrumed to a projection Z from the frame. (See Figs. 2 and 3.) A lever T, forked as shown to receive the belt F, is also fulcrumed to the said projection Z and has pivoted to its outer end a rod m, and pivoted to the outer end of the lever S is a rod 02, both of said rods being supported in bearings 0,

extended from the frame, as represented.

Arranged in bearin gsin standards U,ere cted on the frame, are sprocket-Wheels V \V,'abot1t which passes a chain X, to the under portion of which is connected a carriage Y, to be hereinafter described. To the inner end of the shaft 13 of the sprocket-wheel V is fixed a gear q, which, when acted upon by the gear h, is caused to revolve the wheel V in the direction to move the carriage Y toward the wheel W, and when acted upon by the gear will revolve the wheel V in the opposite direction, and consequently will move the carriage toward said wheel V.

To a standard .2, erected upon the frame, is clamped an arm 1', slotted in the end of it, which is confined to the standard, and near its other end is provided with a journal on which is arranged an intermediate gear 8, which acts with the gear aand transmits the motion imparted to said gear a by the gears intervening between it and the driving-shaft to the gear g, shaft 6, and gear h. The speed of the wheel V, and consequently that of the carriage Y, is governed by the number of teeth in the intermediate gear applied to the journal of the arm 7' and acting with the gears a and g, the number of teeth in said intermediate gear being such that during each revolution of the mandrel and the shaft I, with which it is connected, the carriage Y, which supports the strip or strips, shall be moved by the chain X the requisite distance to insure which bear and roll on the top of the frame- Z rails u u, guiding the rolls, and consequently the carriage, in longitudinal movements on said frame. On the top of the carriage is a plate A, so applied to it as to swivel thereon, and erected on and near the rear end of said plate are two standards 1) 1), each slot-ted in its upper part to receive a rod on which are- I 5 arranged so as to turn thereon one or more reels on which are placed the coiled strips of wood to be spirally coiled on the mandrel and converted into a cylinder. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) Near the end of the plate A next the mandrel are two supports 10 w, in which are arranged the journals of two rolls 00 y, those of theroll y nearest the mandrel being sustained inboxes arranged in slots in the supports, so as to be adjustable with reference to the 'rear 2 5 roll at. The strips from the reels are led under the "roll 00 and over the roll y and secured to the mandrel, and by varying the distance between said rolls the draft on the strips can be increased or diminished to produce the neces- 3o sary tension thereon as may be required to awar In some cases, particularly when making the larger classes of cylinders, I disconnect 3 5 the. carriage Y from the chain and remove said carriage from the frame, and to bearings in standards 3 and 4, erected on the frame, (See dot e in in F g- 9,) is pplied a ong cylinder 5, parallel to the mandrel and of the 40 same diameter with it, the bearings in which its'journals rest being so constructedas to readily admit of one or either end of the cylinder being raised to receive on its raised end a coiled strip of wood which has been previou sly steamed and coiled while in a pliable state and dried while so coiled, which treatment of the strip causes it to resist the'uncoiling of it. This strip, after its coil has been suiiiciently expanded to admit of it, is slipped onto the cylinder 5, and the end of its inner coil secured tothe cylinder near one end of it to'fhold the strip while it is being'drawn out. Then bylaying hold of the outer end ofthe strip'and'drawing it toward theother end of 5 5 the cylinder the strip will coil spirally on tightly hng the cylinder. The said'outer end of'the strip is next clamped to'the mandrel, which on being put in motion will wind the strip the cylinder onto said mandrel, 6Q suf ci nt riction; ny is qu re to ca s the strip'to wind tightly on the mandrel being createdby a screw 6, suitably applied to one of the bearings of the cylinder-journals. Arranged on the shaft I and on the opposite side of the bearing K to the gear H is a head 13, which is provided with radial slotsand is clamped to the'shaft so as to turn with it,

insure the close winding of the strips on the and bearing at one of its ends against-the face of said head, and secured thereto by bolts or into the end of the mandrel next said head to confine its sections in position.

Clamps E are applied to the heads B and D, as represented, their office being to confine the end of each strip to the mandrel. They are each shown as made v ppIoxiInatelyin the shape of the letter U, the arms a. a [extending along and against the sides of the head, as shown, and the bottom resting against or near to the periphery of the head. One arm is pro vided with a clamp-screw e to secure the clamp to the head, and the other has an ear '0, through which a screw d passes, it being in parallelism with the side of the head, and has pivoted to it a foot f, curved to conform to the circumference of the mandrel, or thereabout. By means of the said screw and the foot a strip can be clamped to the mandrel. Sometimes the head D is so formed as not'to project beyond the circumferenceof the mandrel, in which case the shape of the clampis changed to conform to the requirements of such construction.

The box L of the shaft I is dovetailed inits lower part to fit to a correspondingly-shaped groove'g, formed in the upper portion of a frame F, arranged tobear', when man [upr h position, on a po tn or ar of. the rame extending ra rse f e ma hine and provided with ears h, to which are pivoted'ear's i,'projecting from the frame F.

Pivoted to'the side of theframe F opposite to that side of it on which the earsn" are Ioe t i a arm 0. icm he u ned dow into a vertical position, bears against a hooked ear Z", extending from the bar G, and securely locks the frame F in an upright position. Pivoted to the'upper part of the said frame F, on the same side of it on which the ears '6 are located, is a button m, against whieh'the box L bears when the end of the shaft I is in its bearing in said box. A stop a, formed as shown in Figs. 2'an'd 6, is fastened to the frame F, and alever 0 is pivoted to' the frame M1 he or e rm of which bear ag inst the under side of the shaft I. On tnrning'the button m away fro n the box and bearing down the outei'armof the level? 0' fl fiqie'n'tly to re i v t ar n n th box L of h weight of the shaft the box can be slid inits groove away from the shaft, and next, byturning the arm out of-engagement with the ear I; h f am c n be turn d o ts'pito own W thi he fram h stop "preventing't-he box from becoming "disengaged from the frame F, and by loosening the setscrews confining the head D to the shaft the said head can be removed therefrom to admit of the removal from the mandrel of a cylinder which has been formed thereon. Beneath the mandrel and of nearly equal length therewith is arranged a pair of long tanks II and I, the upper of which is supplied with a suitable cement and is sustained within and by the other, the outer one, for holding water, being supported on a mechanism by which its altitude can be varied, as may be desired. It is represented as resting at its bottom on cams secured to a shaft supported in bearings, the shaft having secured to it an arm operating with a rack to hold the tank in any position within the range of its motion. Supported in bearings in the inner tank are one or more rolls K and L, which convey the cement from the tank and apply it to the strip or strips wound spirally around the mandrel. A steam-pipe 1V connected to the tank I, conveys steam from a generator to the tank to heat the water therein, and consequently the cement in the upper tank.

The operation of making a cylinder of one or more strips of wood by the aid of my machine may be thus explained. W'e will suppose that two strips are to be simultaneously wound upon the mandrel to form a cylinder, as represented in the drawings. In the first place, the said two strips, which have previously been prepared by being steamed to to make them pliable, and next each coiled and secured to prevent them from unwinding, and next dried while in the coiled state, are placed edge to edge in the carriage, the reels on which they are arranged being placed on a rod supported in the standards 21v of the carriage Y, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The outer ends of the strips are then passed between the rolls w and y and next clamped to the mandrel-the strip X to the top, for instance-and the strip Y is carried halfway around the mandrel and clamped to it underneath and directly opposite to the strip X, the carriage Y being setso that the strips will range at the required angle to properly coil on the mandrel and the proper intermediate gear to impart the requisite speed to the carriage by means of the intervening mechanism placed on the journal of the arm 7' and connected with the gears a and g. Everything is now ready and the machine set in operation by shifting the belt F from the pulley D to the pulley E. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) Motion is communicated from the driving-shaft C by the pinion G to the gear H, which revolves the shaft I, the mandrel, and beveled pinion M, and movement is also imparted to the carriage Y by means of the bevel-gear N,'engaged with the pinion M, the shaft 0, gear a, intermediate gears, gear g, shaft 6, gears h and q, the shaft p, sprocketwheel V, and chain X. When the carriage has advanced and fed the strips as near to the other end of the mandrel as can be done,

the strips are secured to the mandrel so that they cannot unwind, and are then severed from that remaining on the reels, and the carriage run back to its starting-point, which is done by moving the slide R, by means of the rod or and lever S, so as to connect the gears i and k to the gears a and g, which will reverse the motion of the wheel V and cause the chain X to return the carriage. The gears of the slide R are then disengaged from the gears o, and q, and the cem enting-roll L is next raised into contact with the strips wound on the mandrel, and the said mandrel being in revolution a coating of the cement will be applied by the roll to the said strips. Next the motion of the mandrel is stopped and two other strips are secured to it, as before. The carriage Y is again set in motion, and another course wound on the first course, care being taken to arrange the second and each succeeding course so that the strips thereof will break joints with those on which they are wound. The operation described is repeated until the cylinder has attained the required thickness, after which it is removed from the mandrel as follows: The button m and arm is are turned on their pivots, the

former away from the box L and the latter so as to disconnect it from the ear Z. The weight of the shaft I is relieved from the bearing in the box L by the lever O, and the said box is slid in its groove in a direction away from the said shaft I. The frame F is turned on its pivots down within the frame of the machine. The screws 2 are next turned back away from the mandrel, and the head D, when of larger diameter than the said mandrel, is unclamped from its shaft and removed from it. Then by freeing the cylinder from the clamps of the head B and lay ing hold of the other end of said cylinder it can be readily withdrawn from the mandrel, the sections of which at its free end will approach each other sufficiently to admit of the ready removal of the cylinder from the said mandrel.

Instead of strips of wood, I sometimes use in making cylinders strips of other fibrous material in place of the wood or in combination with it, as may be desired.

For applying the cement to the cylinder in some cases one or more rotary brushes can be used to advantage in place of the rolls.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. The combination of the driving-shaft and the mandrel-shaft connected to the drivingshaft so as to revolve therewith, both shafts being supported in bearings in the frame, the said mandrel-shaft having heads fixed to it, with the mandrel made in sections and secured to said heads, all substantially as shown and set forth.

- 2. The combination of the driving-shaft and the mandrel-shaft geared to the driving-shaft, both sustained in bearings in the frame, the mandrel made in sections and secured to its IIO shaft so as to revolve with it, with the look L, formed essentially as shown, its frame F, provided with the button m, stop 72, and arm 70, pivoted to the machine-frame and having.

the locking-ear Z, all substantially as shown and set forth.

3. The combination of the driving-shaft and the mandrel-shaft, connected so as to revolve together, the supporting frame, the mandrel secured to its shaft or to heads fixed thereto, with one or more cementing rolls or brushes supported in hearings in tanks, the said tanks arranged in the frame, they being sustained on mechanism by which, they can be raised orlowered so as to carry a cementing roll or brush into contact with the surface of a course of strips wound on the man drel to coat said course with cement when desired, all substantially as shown and set forth.

" 4. The combination of the driving-shaft and the mandrel-shaft, connected so as to revolve together, the supporting frame, the mandrel made in sections and secured to the shaft or to heads fixed thereto, and the frame F, pivoted to the machine-frame for the purpose described, with the carriage Y and the mechanism for reciprocating said carriage on the frame, such mechanism consisting of the chain X, sprocket-wheels V W, shaft-s p, e, and 0, gears g h g s a, N M, the shaft f, gears t' k, and slide R, all being supported, arranged, and operated substantially as shown and set forth.

5. The plate A, applied to the carriage Y so as to swivel thereon andprovided with the slotted standards Q) 1;, for supporting one or more strips While being coiled on the mandrel, the supports 20 w, the rolls 00 y, and the carriage Y, in combination with the mechanism for reciprocating said carriage on the frame, said mechanism consisting of the chain X, sprocket-wheels V W, shafts p, e, and 0, gears g h g s a N M, the shaft f, and gears 1; 7c, the slide R, the driving-shaft and mandrel-shaft geared together, and the supporting-frame, all being supported, arranged, and operated substantially as shown and set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' J AS. MACFARLANE. XVitnesses:

S. N. PIPER, L. HAMILTON. 

